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Impurities in a trapped 1D Bose gas of arbitrary interaction strength: localization-delocalization transition and absence of self-localization
We discuss impurities in a trapped one-dimensional Bose gas with arbitrary boson-boson and boson-impurity interactions. To fully account for quantum effects, in particular in the regime of strong boson-boson interactions, we employ numerical simulations based on the density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) and analytic approximations exploiting the mapping to weakly interacting …