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Computing ground states of spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensates by the normalized gradient flow

Computing ground states of spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensates by the normalized gradient flow

We propose and analyze an efficient and accurate numerical method for computing ground states of spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) by using the normalized gradient flow (NGF). In order to successfully extend the NGF to spin-2 BECs which has five components in the vector wave function but with only two physical …