Photon condensation, Van Vleck paramagnetism, and chiral cavities
Photon condensation, Van Vleck paramagnetism, and chiral cavities
We introduce a gauge-invariant model of planar, square molecules coupled to a quantized spatially varying cavity electromagnetic vector potential <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><a:mrow><a:mover accent="true"><a:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">A</a:mi><a:mo>̂</a:mo></a:mover><a:mrow><a:mo>(</a:mo><a:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">r</a:mi><a:mo>)</a:mo></a:mrow></a:mrow></a:math>. Specifically, we choose a temporally cavity hosting a uniform magnetic field <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><e:mover accent="true"><e:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">B</e:mi><e:mo>̂</e:mo></e:mover></e:math>, as this is the simplest instance in which a transverse spatially …