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Extracting double-quantum coherence in two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy under pump–probe geometry

Extracting double-quantum coherence in two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy under pump–probe geometry

Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) can be implemented with different geometries, e.g., BOXCARS, collinear, and pump–probe geometries. The pump–probe geometry has the advantage of overlapping only two beams and reducing phase cycling steps. However, its applications are typically limited to observing the dynamics with single-quantum coherence and population, leaving the challenge …