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A Causal Framework for Making Individualized Treatment Decisions in Oncology

A Causal Framework for Making Individualized Treatment Decisions in Oncology

We discuss how causal diagrams can be used by clinicians to make better individualized treatment decisions. Causal diagrams can distinguish between settings where clinical decisions can rely on a conventional additive regression model fit to data from a historical randomized clinical trial (RCT) to estimate treatment effects and settings where …