Substitutional Tin Acceptor States in Black Phosphorus
Substitutional Tin Acceptor States in Black Phosphorus
Nominally-pure black phosphorus (BP) is commonly found to be a p-type semiconductor, suggesting the ubiquitious presence of impurity species or intrinsic, charged defects. Moreover, scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) images of black phosphorus reveal the presence of long-ranged double-lobed defect features superimposed onto the surface atomic lattice. We show that both …