Cyclic structural causal model with unobserved confounder effect
Cyclic structural causal model with unobserved confounder effect
This study examined cyclic non linear structural equation models (SEMs) with an unobserved confounder. The determination of causal direction, identifying whether X causes Y, Y causes X, or X and Y affect each other, is a fundamental issue in science and technology. Unobserved confounding factors are so-called third variables which …