Dynamical systems approach to evolution–development congruence: Revisiting Haeckel's recapitulation theory
Dynamical systems approach to evolution–development congruence: Revisiting Haeckel's recapitulation theory
It is acknowledged that embryonic development has a tendency to proceed from common toward specific. Ernst Haeckel raised the question of why that tendency prevailed through evolution, and the question remains unsolved. Here, we revisit Haeckel's recapitulation theory, that is, the parallelism between evolution and development through numerical evolution and …