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Saturation of the<i>r</i>‐Mode Instability

Saturation of the<i>r</i>‐Mode Instability

Rossby waves (r-modes) in rapidly rotating neutron stars are unstable because of the emission of gravitational radiation. As a result, the stellar rotational energy is converted into both gravitational waves and r-mode energy. The saturation level for the r-mode energy is a fundamental parameter needed to determine how fast the …