Survey of Cold Water Lines in Protoplanetary Disks: Indications of Systematic Volatile Depletion
Survey of Cold Water Lines in Protoplanetary Disks: Indications of Systematic Volatile Depletion
We performed very deep searches for 2 ground-state water transitions in 13 protoplanetary disks with the HIFI instrument on-board the Herschel Space Observatory, with integration times up to 12 hours per line. Two other water transitions that sample warmer gas were also searched for with shallower integrations. The detection rate …