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High-Cooperativity Coupling of a Rare-Earth Spin Ensemble to a Superconducting Resonator Using Yttrium Orthosilicate as a Substrate
Yttrium orthosilicate (Y$_2$SiO$_5$, or YSO) has proved to be a convenient host for rare-earth ions used in demonstrations of microwave quantum memories and optical memories with microwave interfaces, and shows promise for coherent microwave--optical conversion owing to its favourable optical and spin properties. The strong coupling required by such microwave …