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Symmetric formulation of neutrino oscillations in matter and its intrinsic connection to renormalization-group equations
In this article, we point out that the effective Hamiltonian for neutrino oscillations in matter is invariant under the transformation of the mixing angle $\theta^{}_{12} \to \theta^{}_{12} - \pi/2$ and the exchange of first two neutrino masses $m^{}_1 \leftrightarrow m^{}_2$, if the standard parametrization of lepton flavor mixing matrix is …