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Gamma‐Ray Burst Early Optical Afterglows: Implications for the Initial Lorentz Factor and the Central Engine
Early optical afterglows have been observed from GRB 990123, GRB 021004, and GRB 021211, which reveal rich emission features attributed to reverse shocks. It is expected that Swift will discover many more early afterglows. Here we investigate in a unified manner both the forward and the reverse external shock emission …