Shape-programmed 3D printed swimming microtori for the transport of passive and active agents
Shape-programmed 3D printed swimming microtori for the transport of passive and active agents
Through billions of years of evolution, microorganisms mastered unique swimming behaviors to thrive in complex fluid environments. Limitations in nanofabrication have thus far hindered the ability to design and program synthetic swimmers with the same abilities. Here we encode multi-behavioral responses in microscopic self-propelled tori using nanoscale 3D printing. We …