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ON A COMMON MISUNDERSTANDING OF THE BIRKHOFF THEOREM AND LIGHT DEFLECTION CALCULATION: GENERALIZED SHAPIRO DELAY AND ITS POSSIBLE LABORATORY TEST
In Newtonian gravity (NG) it is known that the gravitational field anywhere inside a spherically symmetric distribution of mass is determined only by the enclosed mass. This is also widely believed to be true in general relativity (GR), and the Birkhoff theorem is often invoked to support this analogy between …