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Unruh and analogue Unruh temperatures for circular motion in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> dimensions
The Unruh effect states that a uniformly linearly accelerated observer with proper acceleration $a$ experiences Minkowski vacuum as a thermal state in the temperature ${T}_{\mathrm{lin}}=a/(2\ensuremath{\pi})$, operationally measurable via the detailed balance condition between excitation and deexcitation probabilities. An observer in uniform circular motion experiences a similar Unruh-type temperature ${T}_{\text{circ}}$, operationally …