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The Role of <i>p</i>-Values in Judging the Strength of Evidence and Realistic Replication Expectations

The Role of <i>p</i>-Values in Judging the Strength of Evidence and Realistic Replication Expectations

p-Values are viewed by many as the root cause of the so-called replication crisis, which is characterized by the prevalence of positive scientific findings that are contradicted in subsequent studies. The spectrum of proposed solutions includes redefining statistical significance, abandoning the concept of statistical significance, or eliminating the use of …