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Valence fluctuation and magnetic ordering in EuNi<sub>2</sub>(P<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub>Ge<sub><i>x</i></sub>)<sub>2</sub>single crystals

Valence fluctuation and magnetic ordering in EuNi<sub>2</sub>(P<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub>Ge<sub><i>x</i></sub>)<sub>2</sub>single crystals

Unusual phases and phase transitions are seen at the magnetic–nonmagnetic boundary in Ce-, Eu- and Yb-based compounds. EuNi2P2 is a very unusual valence fluctuating Eu system, because at low temperatures the Eu valence stays close to 2.5 instead of approaching an integer value. The Eu valence, and thus the magnetic …