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Analysis of hierarchical organization in gene expression networks reveals underlying principles of collective tumor cell dissemination and metastatic aggressiveness of inflammatory breast cancer

Analysis of hierarchical organization in gene expression networks reveals underlying principles of collective tumor cell dissemination and metastatic aggressiveness of inflammatory breast cancer

Abstract Background Clusters of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), despite being rare, may account for more than 95% of metastases. Cells in these clusters do not undergo a complete epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) but retain some epithelial traits as compared to individually disseminating tumor cells. Determinants of single cell dissemination versus collective …