Realization of a Valley Superlattice
Realization of a Valley Superlattice
In a number of widely studied materials, such as Si, AlAs, Bi, graphene, MoS2, and many transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers, electrons acquire an additional, spinlike degree of freedom at the degenerate conduction band minima, also known as "valleys." External symmetry-breaking fields such as mechanical strain, or electric or magnetic fields, …