Hydrodynamic theory of flocking in the presence of quenched disorder
Hydrodynamic theory of flocking in the presence of quenched disorder
The effect of quenched (frozen) orientational disorder on the collective motion of active particles is analyzed. We find that, as with annealed disorder (Langevin noise), active polar systems are far more robust against quenched disorder than their equilibrium counterparts. In particular, long-ranged order (i.e., the existence of a nonzero average …