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Angular Schmidt spectrum of entangled photons: Derivation of an exact formula and experimental characterization for noncollinear phase matching
We derive an exact computationally-efficient formula for the angular Schmidt spectrum of orbital angular momentum (OAM) entangled states produced by parametric down-conversion (PDC). Our formula yields the true spectrum and does not suffer from convergence issues arising due to infinite summations, as has been the case with previously derived formulas. …