Unions of $3$-punctured spheres in hyperbolic $3$-manifolds
Unions of $3$-punctured spheres in hyperbolic $3$-manifolds
We classify the topological types for the unions of the totally geodesic 3-punctured spheres in orientable hyperbolic 3-manifolds.General types of the unions appear in various hyperbolic 3-manifolds.Each of the special types of the unions appears only in a single hyperbolic 3-manifold or Dehn fillings of a single hyperbolic 3-manifold.Furthermore, we …