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Cross section and transverse single-spin asymmetry of muons from open heavy-flavor decays in polarized <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:math> collisions at <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msqrt><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>200</mml:mn><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mi>GeV</mml:mi></mml:math>
The cross section and transverse single-spin asymmetries of ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}$ from open heavy-flavor decays in polarized $p+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$ were measured by the PHENIX experiment during 2012 at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Because heavy-flavor production is dominated by gluon-gluon interactions at $\sqrt{s}=200\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$, these …