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Topological semimetals carrying arbitrary Hopf numbers: Fermi surface topologies of a Hopf link, Solomon's knot, trefoil knot, and other linked nodal varieties
We propose a type of Hopf semimetal indexed by a pair of numbers $(p,q)$, where the Hopf number is given by $pq$. The Fermi surface is given by a preimage of the Hopf map, which consists of loops nontrivially linked for a nonzero Hopf number. The Fermi surface forms a …