Kinetic modeling of x-ray laser-driven solid Al plasmas via particle-in-cell simulation
Kinetic modeling of x-ray laser-driven solid Al plasmas via particle-in-cell simulation
Solid-density plasmas driven by intense x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) radiation are seeded by sources of nonthermal photoelectrons and Auger electrons that ionize and heat the target via collisions. Simulation codes that are commonly used to model such plasmas, such as collisional-radiative (CR) codes, typically assume a Maxwellian distribution and thus …