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Cross section and double helicity asymmetry for<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>η</mml:mi></mml:math>mesons and their comparison to<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mi>π</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msup></mml:math>production in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi>p</mml:mi></mml:math>collisions at<mml:math …
Measurements of double-helicity asymmetries in inclusive hadron production in polarized $p+p$ collisions are sensitive to helicity-dependent parton distribution functions, in particular, to the gluon helicity distribution, $\ensuremath{\Delta}g$. This study focuses on the extraction of the double-helicity asymmetry in $\ensuremath{\eta}$ production ($\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{p}+\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{p}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\eta}+X$), the $\ensuremath{\eta}$ cross section, and the $\ensuremath{\eta}/{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ cross section …