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Surface superconductivity as the primary cause of broadening of superconducting transition in Nb films at high magnetic fields
We study the origin of broadening of superconducting transition in sputtered Nb films. From simultaneous tunneling and transport measurements we conclude that the upper critical field Hc2 always corresponds to the bottom of transition R~0, while the top R~Rn occurs close to the critical field for destruction of surface superconductivity …