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Qudit versions of the qubit<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>π</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mn>8</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>gate
When visualized as an operation on the Bloch sphere, the qubit $\ensuremath{\pi}/8$ gate corresponds to 1/8 of a complete rotation about the vertical axis. This simple gate often plays an important role in quantum information theory, typically in situations for which Pauli and Clifford gates are insufficient. Most notably, if …