Topological phases on non-orientable surfaces: twisting by parity symmetry
Topological phases on non-orientable surfaces: twisting by parity symmetry
We discuss (2 + 1)D topological phases on non-orientable spatial surfaces, such as Möbius strip, real projective plane and Klein bottle, etc, which are obtained by twisting the parent topological phases by their underlying parity symmetries through introducing parity defects. We construct the ground states on arbitrary non-orientable closed manifolds …