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Antiferromagnetism of the two-dimensional Hubbard model at half-filling: the analytic ground state for weak coupling
We introduce a local formalism to deal with the Hubbard model on an N×N square lattice (for even N) in terms of eigenstates of number operators, having well defined point symmetry. For U→0, the low-lying shells of the kinetic energy are filled in the ground state. At half-filling, using the …