Why Do Granular Materials Stiffen with Shear Rate? Test of Novel Stress-Based Statistics
Why Do Granular Materials Stiffen with Shear Rate? Test of Novel Stress-Based Statistics
Recent experiments exhibit a rate dependence for granular shear such that the stress grows linearly in the logarithm of the shear rate, gamma. Assuming a generalized activated process mechanism, we show that these observations are consistent with a recent proposal for a stress-based statistical ensemble. By contrast, predictions for rate …