Hexagons, Kinks, and Disorder in Oscillated Granular Layers
Hexagons, Kinks, and Disorder in Oscillated Granular Layers
Experiments on vertically oscillated granular layers in an evacuated container reveal a sequence of well-defined pattern bifurcations as the container acceleration is increased. Period doublings of the layer center of mass motion and a parametric wave instability interact to produce hexagons and more complicated patterns composed of distinct spatial domains …