Universality of the Kondo effect in a quantum dot out of equilibrium
Universality of the Kondo effect in a quantum dot out of equilibrium
We study the Kondo effect in a quantum dot subject to an external ac field. The Kondo effect can be probed by measuring the dc current induced by an auxiliary dc bias ${V}_{\mathrm{dc}}$ applied across the dot. In the absence of ac perturbation, the corresponding differential conductance ${G(V}_{\mathrm{dc}})$ is known …