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Roundabout Relaxation: Collective Excitation Requires a Detour to Equilibrium

Roundabout Relaxation: Collective Excitation Requires a Detour to Equilibrium

Relaxation to equilibrium after strong and collective excitation is studied by using a Hamiltonian dynamical system of a one-dimensional XY model. After an excitation of a domain of K elements, the excitation is concentrated to fewer elements, which are made farther away from equilibrium, and the excitation intensity increases logarithmically …