Endogenous Selection Bias: The Problem of Conditioning on a Collider Variable
Endogenous Selection Bias: The Problem of Conditioning on a Collider Variable
Endogenous selection bias is a central problem for causal inference. Recognizing the problem, however, can be difficult in practice. This article introduces a purely graphical way of characterizing endogenous selection bias and of understanding its consequences (Hernán et al. 2004). We use causal graphs (direct acyclic graphs, or DAGs) to …