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Determining the In-Plane Orientation of the Ground-State Orbital of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>CeCu</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi>Si</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>
We have successfully determined the hitherto unknown sign of the ${B}_{4}^{4}$ Stevens crystal-field parameter of the tetragonal heavy-fermion compound ${\mathrm{CeCu}}_{2}{\mathrm{Si}}_{2}$ using vector $\stackrel{^}{\mathbf{q}}$-dependent nonresonant inelastic x-ray scattering experiments at the cerium ${N}_{4,5}$ edge. The observed difference between the two different directions, $\stackrel{^}{\mathbf{q}}\ensuremath{\parallel}[100]$ and $\stackrel{^}{\mathbf{q}}\ensuremath{\parallel}[110]$, is due to the anisotropy of …