Superfluid–Mott insulator transition of spin-1 bosons in an optical lattice
Superfluid–Mott insulator transition of spin-1 bosons in an optical lattice
We study the superfluid--Mott insulator (SF-MI) transition of spin-1 bosons interacting antiferromagnetically in an optical lattice. Starting from a Bose-Hubbard tight-binding model for spin-1 bosons, we obtain the zero-temperature phase diagram by a mean-field approximation. We find that the MI phase with an even number of atoms per site is …