Boundary effects in the stepwise structure of the Lyapunov spectra for quasi-one-dimensional systems
Boundary effects in the stepwise structure of the Lyapunov spectra for quasi-one-dimensional systems
Boundary effects in the stepwise structure of the Lyapunov spectra and corresponding wavelike structure of the Lyapunov vectors are discussed numerically in quasi-one-dimensional systems of many hard disks. Four different types of boundary conditions are constructed by combinations of periodic boundary conditions and hard-wall boundary conditions, and each leads to …