Exciton Condensation and Charge Fractionalization in a Topological Insulator Film
Exciton Condensation and Charge Fractionalization in a Topological Insulator Film
An odd number of gapless Dirac fermions is guaranteed to exist at a surface of a strong topological insulator. We show that in a thin-film geometry and under external bias, electron-hole pairs that reside in these surface states can condense to form a novel exotic quantum state which we propose …