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Crystal-field ground state of the orthorhombic Kondo insulator CeRu<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mrow /><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>Al<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mrow /><mml:mn>10</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>
We have succeeded in establishing the crystal-field ground state of CeRu${}_{2}$Al${}_{10}$, an orthorhombic intermetallic compound recently identified as a Kondo insulator. Using polarization-dependent soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Ce ${M}_{4,5}$ edges, together with input from inelastic neutron and magnetic susceptibility experiments, we were able to determine unambiguously the orbital …