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Origin of the Large Polarization in Multiferroic<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>YMnO</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>Thin Films Revealed by Soft- and Hard-X-Ray Diffraction

Origin of the Large Polarization in Multiferroic<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>YMnO</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>Thin Films Revealed by Soft- and Hard-X-Ray Diffraction

We investigated the magnetic structure of an orthorhombic YMnO(3) thin film by resonant soft x-ray and hard x-ray diffraction. We observed a temperature-dependent incommensurate magnetic reflection below 45 K and a commensurate lattice-distortion reflection below 35 K. These results demonstrate that the ground state is composed of coexisting E-type and …