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Magnetic excitations in the spin-trimer compounds<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ca</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Cu</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ni</mml:mi><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">P</…
Inelastic neutron scattering experiments were performed for the spin-trimer compounds ${\mathrm{Ca}}_{3}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ni}}_{x}{(\mathrm{P}{\mathrm{O}}_{4})}_{4}$ $(x=0,1,2)$ in order to study their dynamic magnetic properties. The observed excitations can be associated with transitions between the low-lying electronic states of linear Cu-Cu-Cu, Cu-Cu-Ni, and Ni-Cu-Ni trimers, which are the basic constituents of the title compounds. The …