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Universal model of a<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>D</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mn /></mml:math>spinning particle
A universal model for a $D=4$ spinning particle is constructed with the configuration space chosen as ${\mathrm{R}}^{3,1}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{S}^{2}$, where the sphere corresponds to the spinning degrees of freedom. The Lagrangian includes all the possible world-line first-order invariants of the Poincar\'e group. Each combination of the four constant parameters entering the Lagrangian …