Hexagons and interfaces in a vibrated granular layer
Hexagons and interfaces in a vibrated granular layer
The order parameter model based on the parametric Ginzburg-Landau equation is used to describe high acceleration patterns in the vibrated layer of granular material. At large amplitude of driving both hexagons and interfaces emerge. Transverse instability, leading to the formation of ``decorated'' interfaces and labyrinthine patterns, is found. Additional subharmonic …