Theory of quasiparticle interference on the surface of a strong topological insulator
Theory of quasiparticle interference on the surface of a strong topological insulator
Electrons on the surface of a strong topological insulator, such as ${\text{Bi}}_{2}{\text{Te}}_{3}$ or ${\text{Bi}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\text{Sb}}_{x}$, form a topologically protected helical liquid whose excitation spectrum contains an odd number of massless Dirac fermions. A theoretical survey and classification is given of the universal features, observable by the ordinary and spin-polarized scanning tunneling …