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Magnetic Dispersion and Anisotropy in Multiferroic<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msub><mml:mi>BiFeO</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>
We have determined the full magnetic dispersion relations of multiferroic ${\mathrm{BiFeO}}_{3}$. In particular, two excitation gaps originating from magnetic anisotropies have been clearly observed. The direct observation of the gaps enables us to accurately determine the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction and the single ion anisotropy. The DM interaction supports a sizable …