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Madelung potentials and covalency effect in strained<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>La</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Sr</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>MnO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>thin films studied by core-…

Madelung potentials and covalency effect in strained<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>La</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Sr</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>MnO</mml:mtext></mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>thin films studied by core-…

We have studied the effects of Madelung potentials on the shifts in the core-level photoemission spectra by investigating ${\text{La}}_{0.6}{\text{Sr}}_{0.4}{\text{MnO}}_{3}$ thin films grown on three kinds of substrates, ${\text{SrTiO}}_{3}$, ${({\text{LaAlO}}_{3})}_{0.3}\text{\ensuremath{-}}{({\text{SrAl}}_{0.5}{\text{Ta}}_{0.5}{\text{O}}_{3})}_{0.7}$, and ${\text{LaAlO}}_{3}$. The experimental shifts in the $\text{La}\text{ }4d$ and $\text{Sr}\text{ }3d$ core levels are almost the same as the calculated …