Helical Luttinger Liquid in Topological Insulator Nanowires
Helical Luttinger Liquid in Topological Insulator Nanowires
We derive and analyze the effective low-energy theory for interacting electrons in a cylindrical nanowire made of a strong topological insulator. Three different approaches provide a consistent picture for the band structure, where surface states forming inside the bulk gap correspond to one-dimensional bands indexed by total angular momentum. When …