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Electron-hole and plasmon excitations in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn><mml:mi>d</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>transition metals:<i>Ab initio</i>calculations and inelastic x-ray scattering measurements
We report extensive all-electron time-dependent density-functional calculations and nonresonant inelastic x-ray scattering measurements of the dynamical structure factor of $3d$ transition metals. For small wave vectors, a plasmon peak is observed which is well described by our calculations. At large wave vectors, both theory and experiment exhibit characteristic low-energy electron-hole …